Free PDF The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict
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The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict
Free PDF The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict
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Review
"Hiro's work, clearly written and balanced, illustrated with photographs that portray the war in all its horror, is the best book on the subject so far."From the reviews of the British edition: -Patrick Seale, "The Observer "Outstandingly objective . . . an object lesson in how an acocmplished journalist can and should reconstruct events of world-wide importance."-Justin Wintle, "The Independent "Authoritative . . . Hiro's exacting, analytical approach is especially appropriate for a war which has never been quite what it seems."-Amanda Mitchison, "New Statesman and Society "Pakistani journalist Dilip Hiro takes us well beyond images of Khomeini dart boards and Saddam voodoo dolls to reveal calculating interest groups whom the West might have manipulated more skillfully . . . . captures the human motivations behind the war."-"Los Angeles Times ." . . with his maps and photographs, his chronology and documentary appendixes, he succeeds in chronicling with powerful detail what, to contemporary eyes, is that conflict's cruel and utter futility."-Lisa Anderson, "New York Times Book Review
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About the Author
Dilip Hiro is a writer and journalist living in London. He is the author of Holy Wars: The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism (Routledge, 1989) and Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987) among others.
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Product details
Paperback: 364 pages
Publisher: Routledge; 1 edition (December 23, 1990)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0415904072
ISBN-13: 978-0586090381
Product Dimensions:
6 x 0.8 x 9 inches
Shipping Weight: 1.2 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.5 out of 5 stars
13 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#1,291,588 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
A great piece to have on the bookshelf for anyone who is interested in reading about the Iran-Iraq war. Being the longest conventional war to happen in the 20th century between any two nations, there is a tremendous amount of historical, military, economic, and political details to cover. However, the author does a superb job of weaving all of these details and information together into a relatively easy to read and interesting narrative.
Good book. Very detailed and very thorough. The writing is a bit choppy because English is not his first language.
I wanted a quick overview of this conflict and this book fulfilled that perfectly. It was refreshing to read a book about the middle east seemingly devoid of any bias. I would recommend this book highly.
An interesting book on a subject that does not have a lot of coverage. It's chapter arrangement by actor is sometimes confusing but in the end I saw why the writer used that method rather than a strictly chronological narrative.One error in the book was that it talked about Reagan campaign staffers meeting with Iranians in Paris prior to November 1980 elections. This story has been debunked by many reliable sources.
Dilip Hiros book on the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980's is up to his usual standard; the facts are presented in an impartial and systematic way giving the reader a thorough if somewhat prosaic account of the lengthy and bloody Iran-Iraq War.The Longest War is divided into four phases, each having a chapter that accounts for the action (political and military) in Iran and Iraq and with an accompanying chapter on the role played by outsiders. The book also puts the war into context with regard to Saddams rise, the Shahs fall and the founding of the Islamic Republic in Iran.Saddam, with support from Saudia Arabia and Kuwait, and a nod and a wink from Washington initiated a war he expected to last weeks against an Iran in turmoil after its 1979 revolution. Instead it dragged on for nearly a decade resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands on each side.Hiro dispassionately reports the developments on each side- the Iraqi attempts to extracate themselves once it became clear that it wouldnt be a walkover, the Iranian Islamic Republic, consolidating itself in the face of the attack from Iraq and sticking out for what in world war 2 terms would be called "total surrender". The outside powers roles are also documentated, the then USSR seems to be constantly reacting to events, half the American government supports Iraq at first tentively and then more overtly including supplying Iraq with intelligence, financial credits and the deeply dubious Donald Rumsfield aswell as militarily intervening in the Gulf. The other half of the American government is meanwhile selling Arms to the Iranians to fund their murderous war in Central America. The British, Germans, French, Swedes, Israelis are selling arms willy nilly in pursuit of profit to one side or the other.There are interesting comparisons on how the two countries made war, the Iraqis got into debt with the West and the Gulf States for tens of billions of dollars, in stark contrast the Iranians had a national debt of only $500million at the end of the war. They saw, correctly, that getting into debt would compromise their independence and their Islamic Revolution. To the Iranians credit they never reduced themselves to Saddams level by resorting to Chemical Weapons (the Ayatollah was against it).If a criticism of Hiro writing can be made it is that it will not have you sitting on the edge of your seat. It is calm, matter of fact, thorough and a valuable account of the Iran Iraq war which has tended to be overlooked given the recent turmoil in the region.
In my opinion, the definitive account of the Iran-Iraq War has yet to be written, and in fact probably never will be. The destruction of Iraq (including much state/historical documentation), and the difficulty of interviewing major participants on both sides of the conflict (several are already dead), have made this a near-impossible task.Nevertheless, Dilip Hiro's book provides an excellent source on the conflict. He bases most of his research on newspaper articles, official documents and speeches, and his own extensive war reporting. His account therefore relates an insider's view of the war, written by someone who witnessed the course of events on the ground. The book is organized on a chronological basis, offering first a reflection on the causes of the war before moving on to a detailed recounting of events, and ends with a final chapter of personal conclusions. Hiro does not hesitate to supplement his historical narrative with personal analysis. He does a good job of backing up his interpretations by using statistics, charts, economic data, etc. The maps he provides are adequate but by no means exceptional. There is also a section of approximately thirty photographs; however their print quality is extremely poor and diminishes their analytical value.The author attempts to remain neutral in his work, and generally tries to base his investigation on facts. The war is clearly portrayed as having been triggered by Iraq, with the tacit support of the US and its allies in the Gulf. Hiro makes it clear that this constituted an attempt to smother the Iranian Revolution, and that it ended up seriously backfiring. Instead of inspiring the Iranians to oust Khomeini, the war had the opposite effect and united the population in support of his new regime. Saddam also seriously underestimated the manner in which the Iraqi Shia population would react to the war - a mistake which nearly ruined him, and partially explains his resort to chemical weapons. Two chapters are devoted to Iraqi and Iranian perspectives, detailing the political, social and military aspects of the war in each country.This work also vividly illustrates the scope of foreign meddling and interference in the war. The author produces a very thorough assessment of the conflict in an international context. Iraq reprized the role previously held by Iran in America's network of client states in the region (this lasted until the first Gulf War). Iran was systematically hampered in achieving its objectives due to its very low prestige on the international scene (its main trading partner was West Germany). The Soviets - who had originally planned to ally with both Iraq and Iran to stabilize the Afghan situation - were increasingly worried about US intervention, and gradually adopted a policy of containment towards the Iranian Revolution. All these points are elaborately discussed in the book.Moreover, Hiro does an excellent job of emphasizing the central importance of oil and weapons sales. Attacks against tankers (the 'Tanker War') in the Persian Gulf are well-documented, as are the nepotism and corruption of western governments. Unfortunately, the famous photo of Rumsfeld shaking hands with Saddam in December 1983 is not included. I was also slightly disappointed by the rather cursory explanation of the Iran-Contra Affair. Apart from these minor drawbacks, the book is generally impartial and does enough to serve its purpose.In conclusion, I would strongly recommend this work to those who are interested in the Iran-Iraq War. It offers the best general survey of the conflict I have come across. If you wish to concentrate on military matters, then Efraim Karsh's book is probably better. Both works should be complemented by articles from academic journals for further in-depth analysis.
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